Reinterpreting the Frisch parameter in the field of personal taxation: a link between taxable capacity and social marginal utility in Optimal Taxation

We give an objective meaning to the concept of taxable capacity and also establish a theoretical link between OTT and the proposals of Carter and Meade Reports, solving at the same time Kay’s (2008) criticism to both approaches

Challenges in automatic forest change reporting through land cover mapping

Up-to-date knowledge about changes in forest resources and their spatial distribution is essential for sustainable forest management. Therefore, monitoring of forest evolution is increasingly demanded by national and international agencies to design forestry policies and to track their progress. Annually updated land cover maps based on open access satellite imagery may serve as a primary tool for monitoring forest surface evolution over time. Spatially detailed information about forest change might be obtained by comparing land cover maps over time. This study aims to better understand the processes underlying pixels whose land cover changes from 1 year’s map to the next and to understand why errors occur. In this study, two annual land cover maps were produced using Sentinel-2 images and afterwards they were compared. The comparison was performed in terms of total surface occupied in each map by each of the classes (net comparison) and in terms of spatial agreement, comparing the results pixel to pixel. The study was performed for the entire region of Galicia (in the Northwest of Spain) for the years 2019 and 2020. Land cover maps obtained had overall accuracies of 82 and 85 per cent. Differences in the total surface of change were encountered when performing the net comparison and spatial agreement comparison. The detailed analysis performed in this study helps to better understand the processes underlying the maps’ discrepancies revealing the processes leading to wrongly identified forest changes. Future studies could aim to integrate this knowledge into the monitoring system to improve the ultimate usability of land cover maps to retrieve information about forest changes.Ministerio de Universidades | Ref. FPU19/02054Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PID2019-111581RB-I00Universidade de Vigo/CISUGXunta de Galici

What’s Happening to the European Electricity Market?

[Abstract] This paper deals with market power and information issues in the ongoing process of the European Electricity Market. We present a regulatory game played among the key group of utilities, the customers and the regulatory authority. The development of the game allows us to state for a clear commitment to entry freedom reducing the informational strategic advantage of incumbents. As the assumption of such a commitment involves another game, we develop it and we conclude that the liberalisation of entry is also a key factor for credibility and effectiveness of flexible regulation and tariffs reduction as well

Análisis del grado de degradación en diferentes agregados pétreos utilizados como materiales granulares de estructuras de pavimento en Bogotá

Trabajo de investigaciónSe analizó propiedades mecánicas como tenacidad y desgaste de materiales seleccionado en dos (2) canteras, ubicadas en la sabana de Bogotá y una (1) localizadas en el municipio de Chaparral, departamento del Tolima, mediante el ensayo de “DEGRADACIÓN DE LOS AGREGADOS PÉTREOS A CAUSA DE LA COMPACTACIÓN POR IMPACTOS, INV E – 243 – 13” y el ensayo “RESISTENCIA AL DESGASTE DE LOS AGREGADOS DE TAMAÑOS MENORES DE 37.5MM (1½”) POR MEDIO DE LA MÁQUINA DE LOS ÁNGELES INV E – 218 – 13” que se encuentra en el Manual de Normas de Ensayos de Materiales para Carretera del INVIAS en su versión 2013.INTRODUCCIÓN 1 GENERALIDADES DEL TRABAJO DE GRADO 2 MARCOS DE REFERENCIA 3 METODOLOGÍA 4 ANÁLISIS DE RESULTADOS 5 CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES 6 BIBLIOGRAFÍA ANEXOSEspecializaciónEspecialista en Ingeniería de Pavimento

Revisión de programas de Inteligencia Emocional en España y su relación con la comunicación oral en Educación Infantil: diseño y aplicación de una propuesta de intervención

Este trabajo tiene como finalidad revisar diferentes programas sobre Inteligencia Emocional (IE) que se llevan a cabo en España, su relación con la comunicación oral, e implementar una propuesta de intervención que combine ambos aspectos en los niños de Educación Infantil. Tras enmarcar teóricamente el desarrollo del lenguaje y la IE se refleja la relación que existe entre ellos. Así se procede a la revisión y análisis de los cinco programas seleccionados: Programa “Aulas Felices” (Arguís, Bolsas, Hernández y Salvador, 2012), el Programa “Cultivando emociones” (Caruana y Tercero, 2011), el Programa “Escuela. Espacio de paz” (CEIP Poetas andaluces, s.f.), el Programa “Inteligencia Emocional” (Agirrezabala, 2008) y el Programa “TREVA” (López, 2009). Tomando como base estos programas de Inteligencia Emocional se realiza la propuesta de intervención en un aula de Educación Infantil. Se trata de un diseño de pluralidad metodológica: cuantitativa y cualitativa, y enmarcado en el paradigma interpretativo. Su implementación se lleva a cabo en un aula de 24 niños de 5 años cuyos resultados, tras su puesta en práctica, muestran la adquisición de habilidades emocionales, como la autorregulación y las habilidades sociales, y un avance en la expresión oral de los niños. Por último, se exponen las conclusiones extraídas, que confirman que la Inteligencia Emocional influye en el desarrollo del lenguaje oral de los niños de Educación Infantil

Combining multiple geostatistical analyses to assess the past, present, and future of fragile Mediterranean deltaic environments

Littoral plains in general and those of the Mediterranean rivers and ramblas, are highly vulnerable territories. Understanding the past and present conditions of these areas is the best strategy to design efficient land management plans to prevent degradation such as pollutants, soil sealing, erosion, etc. in the near and medium future. In this research, different mapping techniques (land-use changes in twelve different years using manually digitalisation and field observations, from 1956 to 2019, and pattern analysis using ecological landscape indexes), multivariate statistical analyses (Spearman rank coefficient and Principal Component Analysis), and predictive models (Markov chain) are combined to assess the past, current, and future status of the V´elez River delta (M´alaga province, Southern Spain), a representative vulnerable territory situated in the popular touristic area of Costa del Sol. We also included a demographic analysis using annual population census data (current inhabitants and projections) and a climate trend analysis (Mann-Kendall test) considering temperatures, precipitations and wind data. Our results demonstrate that the drastic urbanization, including new settlements, roads, and ways, has negatively impacted the delta area, even the alluvial plain, beaches, and natural sand deposits. From 1956 to 2019, >70 ha of deltaic area have been lost. The largest category of land-use, cultivated fields, accounted for up to 72.4 % of the total delta area in 1984. However, this was reduced to 41.1 % by 2019. The alluvial plain and beaches/sand deposits started from 9.3 and 11.8 %, and decreased to 5.2 and 5.9 %, respectively. Also, climate change (especially in temperature) could affect some spatial patterns. Predictive models reveal that it is likely that abandoned spaces, sand deposits, and beaches, will be transformed into new urban areas and, to a lesser extent, into cultivated fields. We concluded that the conservation of the cultivated lands, although decreasing in the area over the studied period, obtained the highest correlation with the delta conservation. Therefore, we affirm that efficient plans, which promote specific changes in land use, would contribute to stopping the degradation of the delta such as pollution of natural areas or soil sealing. Specifically, a plan should be developed to preserve sustainable agriculture and control urban sprawlCOST Action LAND4FLOOD (No. 16209)COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology

Mapping feasibility for wood supply: a high-resolution geospatial approach to enhance sustainable forest management in Galicia (NW Spain)

The forest value chain is key to the European transition to a climate-neutral economy. Sustainable forest management is essential for this task. To plan sustainable forest management, it is essential to track forest resources in relation to their feasibility for wood supply. This means considering the constraints that may limit the incorporation of these resources into the forest value chain. Maps adapted to specific regional constraints and to the characteristics of specific forests are essential for performing sustainable forest management at a local scale. This study presents a methodology for the integrated analysis of geospatial data focused on classifying the land and the forest resources of a region according to their feasibility for wood supply. It produces maps of the feasibility for wood supply in an area and of the existing forest resources at a 10 m spatial resolution. This was done by integrating information about the legal and technical constraints present in the area according to decision rules. The land was classified into three classes: favorable, intermediate or unfavorable. Additionally, updated forest-oriented land cover maps were produced to analyze the feasibility for wood supply of the forest resources present in the region. It was found that 42% of the Eucalyptus spp., 48% of the conifers and 30% of the broadleaves in the study area were located in favorable areas. These maps would help in the quest for more sustainable forest management in the region and aid in boosting the competitiveness of the regional forest value chain.Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PID2019-111581RB-I00Ministerio de Universidades | Ref. FPU19/02054Universidade de Vig

Regulação emocional e câncer: a utilização diferencial de expressão emocional e supressão em pacientes com câncer

The aim of this paper is to describe the frequency of emotional suppression and emotional expressiveness in a group of cancer patients and in a control group. For this, we have evaluated two groups of adults with similar age and sex characteristics, the first one consisting of 38 cancer patients and the second of 44 not-patients. The results show that the groups differ significantly in their use of emotional suppression, in the sense that cancer patients used this strategy more often than the control group. Moreover, significant differences in terms of negative expressiveness were found, corresponding to less expression of negative emotions in cancer patients as compared to the control group, and finally, there were no significant differences in the expression of positive emotions.El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la frecuencia de uso de la supresión emocional y de la expresividad emocional en un grupo de pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer y en un grupo control. Para esto se evaluaron dos grupos conformados por adultos con similares características en relación con la edad y el sexo, el primero integrado por 38 pacientes oncológicos y el segundo por 44 personas no pacientes. Los resultados muestran que los grupos se diferencian significativamente en su frecuencia de uso de la supresión de la expresión emocional, en el sentido de que los pacientes oncológicos utilizan más esta estrategia de regulación emocional que el grupo control. A su vez, se encontraron diferencias significativas en cuanto a la expresividad negativa, siendo que el grupo de pacientes oncológicos expresa menos sus emociones negativas que el grupo control; por último, no se hallaron diferencias significativas en cuanto a la expresividad positiva.O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a freqüência de uso de supressão emocional e expressividade emocional em um grupo de pacientes diagnosticados com câncer e um grupo controle. Para isso, avaliaram dois grupos formados por adultos com características semelhantes em relação à idade e sexo, o primeiro composto de 38 pacientes com câncer eo segundo por 44 pessoas não pacientes. Os resultados mostram que os grupos diferem significativamente na sua frequência de utilização da supressão da expressão emocional, no sentido de que pacientes com câncer utilizado esta estratégia mais do que o grupo de controlo. Por sua vez, diferenças significativas em termos de expressividade negativa, sendo que o grupo de pacientes com câncer de expressar emoções menos negativas que o grupo controle, e, finalmente, não houve diferenças significativas na expressão positiva